21 Nearly all the definitions of induction, by writers of authority, make it consist in drawing inferences from known cases to unknown; affirming of a class, a predicate which has been found true of some cases belonging to the class; concluding because some things have a certain property, that other things which resemble them have the same property—or because a thing has manifested a property at a certain time, that it has and will have that property at other times. I got that far with the figuring when Lester called me. He said:Gahagan said she didnt know how they left. Whether by car, train, or plane. Now what do I do? 243 164 I just hope she isnt already on a plane to Timbuktu, my mother says. Thereafter cruisers concentrated on the area. Hundreds of motorists were stopped forroutine checks on driving licenses. I told him I didnt have the faintest idea. That all I knew about the thing was what I’d told him. He listened to me, very quietly, but he had a veil over his eyes and I couldn’t tell whether he believed me or not. Apparently he didn’t, because he said: Then the smugglers take the license of the car, the registration, and after that they dont even need to follow the car around Europe. All they need to do is to wait until the car is loaded for shipment. Then they advise their accomplices in this country, who wait until the car is first put ina garage and then the drugs are removed and no one is ever the wiser. He looked bewildered and I explained:They tunnel a shaft into the rock. Then they bore holes in the face of it and fill them with powder or dynamite. Then they light the fuses on these shots and yell Fire in the head and everybody in the shaft runs like hell so they’ll be away when the explosion comes. Do you see now? It came. Lester quit goggling at Kewpie, who was really something to look at, if you like chubby fat men, and said to me,Did you see the... Existence, Co-existence, Sequence, Causation, Resemblance: one or other of these is asserted (or denied) in every proposition which is not merely verbal. This five-fold division is an exhaustive classification of matters-of-fact; of all things that can be believed, or tendered for belief; of all questions that can be propounded, and all answers that can be returned to them. Rob felt there was little of merit in what he had to say, but at least he had the satisfaction of knowing that, while he was talking, sheer politeness forced Merton Ostrander to be silent. She tilted her head and grinned back.Oh, what did you have in mind exactly? Getting so theres so much paper work in this organization, he said, they’ll have to list writer’s cramp as an occupational hazard. He jerked his thumb over his shoulder and said:She doesnt want to talk to her husband. She says so. She fights against it even. D’ya want her? The kid’s looking after her so we can help out if it’s needed. Some holiday this, eh? Roy said. Thats it. I mean do a first class job and really case the place. Crandall will have somebody down there waiting for Wendel and Mard to come out and I want them picked up. Now don’t miss. Then call us back if we’re not there by the time you’re through. 35 And on this rock every one must split, who represents to himself as the first and fundamental problem of science to ascertain what is the cause of a given effect, rather than what are the effects of a given cause. It was shown, in an early stage of our inquiry into the nature of Induction,[243]how much more ample are the resources which science commands for the latter than for the former inquiry, since it is upon the latter only that we can throw any direct light by means of experiment; the power of artificially producing an effect, implying a previous knowledge of at least one of itscauses. If we discover the causes of effects, it is generally by having previously discovered the effects of causes; the greatest skill in devising crucial instances for the former purpose may only end, as Bacons physical inquiries did, in no result at all. Was it that his eagerness to acquire the power of producing for man’s benefit effects of practical importance to human life, rendering him impatient of pursuing that end by a circuitous route, made even him, the champion of experiment, prefer the direct mode, though one of mere observation, to the indirect, in which alone experiment was possible? Or had even Bacon not entirely cleared his mind from the notion of the ancients, that rerum cognoscere causas was the sole object of philosophy, and that to inquire into the effects of things belonged to servile and mechanical arts?.